Rothman, R. B., et al. (1999). In vitro characterization of ephedrine-related stereoisomers at biogenic amine transporters and the receptorome reveals selective actions as norepinephrine transporter substrates. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 291(1), 122-128. (说明α₂受体拮抗剂特性)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2021). World Drug Report. Vienna: United Nations. (明确育亨宾树皮提取物在致幻剂滥用中的定位及前体风险)
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). (2020). Drugs of Abuse. Washington, DC. (将育亨宾树皮列为“其他致幻剂”)
安全性(基于育亨宾数据外推):
Tam, S. W., Worcel, M., & Wyllie, M. (2001). Yohimbine: a clinical review. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 91(3), 215-243. (详细综述育亨宾的药理、临床副作用及禁忌症)
Grossman, E., et al. (1993). Oral yohimbine increases blood pressure and sympathetic nervous outflow in hypertensive patients. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 22(1), 22-26. (育亨宾升压作用的临床证据)
代谢与化学性质:
Guthrie, S. K., Hariharan, M., & Grunhaus, L. J. (1990). Determination of yohimbine and its hydroxylated metabolite in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography, 530(1), 164-171. (确认育亨宾酸为育亨宾主要代谢物)
The Merck Index. (15th Edition). (2013). Entry for Yohimbine and related alkaloids. Royal Society of Chemistry. (提供基础理化性质)
临床价值评估:
National Institutes of Health (NIH) - National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). (2023). Yohimbe. [Fact Sheet]. (明确育亨宾树皮作为膳食补充剂的安全性担忧及缺乏可靠医疗证据)
European Medicines Agency (EMA). (2023). Community herbal monograph on Pausinystalia johimbe (K. Schum.) Pierre ex Beille, cortex. (评估育亨宾树皮作为草药的风险效益,结论为负面)