国内健康环球医讯家医百科科学探索医药资讯

氯烟贝特Ronifibrate

更新时间:2025-10-09 15:50:52

一、药物基本属性

1. 药品分类

2. 来源与性状

3. 管理级别

4. 临床价值

二、核心功效与临床应用

  1. 显著降低血清甘油三酯(TG):作为PPARα激动剂,主要通过增加脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)活性、减少载脂蛋白C-III(ApoC-III)合成,从而加速富含TG的脂蛋白(如乳糜微粒、极低密度脂蛋白VLDL)的分解代谢。
  2. 升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):通过调节载脂蛋白A-I(ApoA-I)和A-II(ApoA-II)的表达,促进HDL的合成和成熟。
  3. 适度降低总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):效果通常弱于他汀类药物,且在部分患者(尤其是高TG血症患者)中,初始可能引起LDL-C升高或出现小而密LDL增多(需监测)。

三、使用禁忌与注意事项

(基于其历史使用数据和退市原因,以下信息具有重要警示意义)
1. 副作用

2. 禁忌与风险

  1. 活动性肝病:包括原因不明的持续性肝功能异常(如转氨酶升高超过正常上限3倍)、肝硬化、活动性胆囊疾病。
  2. 严重肾功能不全(尤其肌酐清除率 < 30 mL/min)。
  3. 已知对氯烟贝特或任何辅料过敏
  4. 妊娠期、哺乳期妇女(缺乏安全数据,且降脂治疗通常非孕期紧急需求)。
  5. 原发性胆汁性肝硬化(因可能恶化)。
  1. 既往有肝病史或酒精滥用史者:肝脏毒性风险更高。
  2. 与他汀类药物(如辛伐他汀、洛伐他汀、阿托伐他汀等)联用显著增加肌病(包括横纹肌溶解症)风险。若非绝对必要,应避免联用。如需联用,必须选择肌病风险相对较低的他汀(如氟伐他汀、普伐他汀)并采用最低有效剂量,密切监测肌痛症状和肌酸激酶(CK)。
  3. 老年人:可能因肝肾功能减退而增加不良反应风险。
  4. 甲状腺功能减退未纠正者:增加肌病风险。
  5. 同时使用其他经CYP450系统代谢或有肝毒性风险的药物(如华法林、部分抗真菌药、环孢素等)。

3. 注意事项

重要医疗建议强调:

参考文献

  1. European Medicines Agency (EMA) Assessment Reports/Withdrawal Documents: The most authoritative source documenting the reasons for withdrawal of Ronifibrate from the market due to hepatotoxicity concerns. While specific reports for Ronifibrate might be dated, EMA's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) opinions and withdrawal notifications are key. (Search EMA website for specific Ronifibrate documents).
  2. Lopez-Velazquez, J. A., et al. (2014). Fibric Acid Derivatives (Fibrates). In: De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc. This comprehensive chapter details the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety profiles of fibrates as a class, including discussion of hepatotoxicity risks which disproportionately affected Ronifibrate.
  3. Staels, B., Dallongeville, J., Auwerx, J., Schoonjans, K., Leitersdorf, E., & Fruchart, J. C. (1998). Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation, 98(19), 2088–2093. Classic review detailing the PPARα-mediated mechanisms of fibrates, foundational for understanding Ronifibrate's intended pharmacological effects.
  4. Prucksaritanont, T., et al. (2002). Mechanistic studies on metabolic interactions between gemfibrozil and statins. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 301(3), 1042–1051. While focused on gemfibrozil, this paper exemplifies the critical CYP-mediated pharmacokinetic interactions common to many fibrates (including Ronifibrate) with statins, highlighting the mechanism behind the increased myopathy risk.
  5. Björnsson, E. S. (2017). Hepatotoxicity by drugs: The most common implicated agents. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(2), 213. Reviews drug-induced liver injury, placing fibrates as a known class with this risk, and acknowledging that specific agents like Ronifibrate were withdrawn due to higher hepatotoxicity potential.
  6. National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (formerly CFDA) Drug Withdrawal/Recall Notices. Official announcements regarding the withdrawal of Ronifibrate from the Chinese market would be the primary source for its regulatory status within China. (Requires access to NMPA historical announcements).
  7. Pharmacovigilance Literature: Case reports and series published in peer-reviewed journals (e.g., Hepatology, Journal of Hepatology, Drug Safety) documenting specific cases of severe hepatotoxicity associated with Ronifibrate use were pivotal in leading to its withdrawal.

(请注意:由于氯烟贝特已退市多年,查找其最原始的详细研究文献(如具体临床试验数据)可能较为困难。上述参考文献侧重于其药物类别(贝特类)的药理学、已知的类效应(尤其是肝毒性和药物相互作用)以及权威监管机构对其退市的决定和理由。)

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