国内健康环球医讯家医百科科学探索医药资讯

锑酸葡甲胺Meglumine antimonate

更新时间:2025-05-29 22:59:10

一、药物基本属性


二、核心功效与临床应用

唯一适应症:利什曼病(Leishmaniasis)


三、使用禁忌与注意事项

副作用

  1. 心脏毒性(≥10%):
    • QT间期延长、T波倒置(可进展为室性心动过速甚至猝死)(American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2007)。
  2. 胰腺毒性(5-15%):
    • 淀粉酶/脂肪酶升高,急性胰腺炎(需立即停药)(Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2011)。
  3. 血液系统
    • 白细胞减少、贫血(发生率约20%)(Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2006)。
  4. 肝肾损伤
    • ALT/AST升高(25-30%),肌酐升高(10%)(PLoS One, 2015)。
  5. 其他
    • 肌痛、关节痛、发热、注射部位硬结。

禁忌与风险

医疗建议强调:本品必须在具备心电监护和急救条件的医疗机构使用,患者不得自行用药。具体治疗方案需由热带病专科医生制定。


参考文献

  1. WHO. (2022). Guidelines for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  2. Sundar, S., & Chakravarty, J. (2015). Leishmaniasis: an update of current pharmacotherapy. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 16(2), 237-252.
  3. Freitas-Junior, L. H., et al. (2012). Meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) causes oxidative stress-derived DNA damage in BALB/c mice kidney. PLoS One, 7(11), e40180.
  4. Oliveira, L. F., et al. (2011). Systematic review of the adverse effects of cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment in the New World. Acta Tropica, 118(2), 87-96.
  5. British National Formulary (BNF 86). (2023). Antimonials. London: BMJ Group.
  6. Croft, S. L., et al. (2006). Drug resistance in leishmaniasis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 19(1), 111-126.
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