国内健康环球医讯家医百科科学探索医药资讯

哌立索唑Perisoxal

更新时间:2025-10-09 15:50:52

一、药物基本属性

  1. 严重安全性问题: 与其结构相似的吡唑啉酮类药物(如氨基比林、安乃近)因存在导致粒细胞缺乏症(一种可能致命的血液疾病,表现为白细胞特别是粒细胞极度减少)的重大风险,已在全球许多国家(包括美国、欧盟大部分国家、日本、澳大利亚等)被禁用或严格限制使用。虽然哌立索唑本身的具体流行病学数据不如氨基比林/安乃近丰富,但其属于同一化学类别,共享被认为导致该风险的活性代谢物或结构特征,因此面临相同的安全性担忧,这是其未获批准或最终退市的核心原因。
  2. 缺乏广泛临床应用与优势: 相较于其他更安全、疗效确切的 NSAIDs(如布洛芬、萘普生、双氯芬酸等)和对乙酰氨基酚(解热镇痛),哌立索唑未能证明其具有显著的临床优势。
  3. 监管机构行动: 主要药品监管机构(如 FDA, EMA)从未批准哌立索唑上市,或在早期批准后因其类别风险而撤销批准/未予再注册。在中国及其他国家,也无证据表明其作为合法药品在售。
  4. 市场淘汰: 由于上述安全性和缺乏竞争力,该药已被市场自然淘汰。
  1. 严重风险大于获益: 其所属的吡唑啉酮类药物类别已知的粒细胞缺乏症风险显著超过其在解热、镇痛、抗炎方面带来的获益。现代医学实践中存在大量更安全的替代药物。
  2. 无当前合法地位: 在世界范围内主要药品市场已无合法注册和销售。
  3. 缺乏现代循证支持: 无符合现代标准的临床试验数据支持其安全性和有效性在当前医疗实践中的应用。
  4. 被更优药物替代: 已被其他安全性更好、疗效相当的 NSAIDs 和对乙酰氨基酚完全替代。

二、核心功效与临床应用

三、使用禁忌与注意事项

参考文献

  1. International Agranulocytosis and Aplastic Anemia Study. Risks of agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia. A first report of their relation to drug use with special reference to analgesics. JAMA. 1986;256(13):1749-1757. (This landmark study established the strong link between pyrazolone derivatives like dipyrone/aminophenazone and agranulocytosis, which applies to the entire class, including perisoxal).
  2. Hedenmalm, K., & Spigset, O. Agranulocytosis and other blood dyscrasias associated with dipyrone (metamizole). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;58(4):265-274. (Reviews the hematological risks specific to pyrazolone derivatives, the class to which perisoxal belongs).
  3. Leitner, J. M., et al. Pyrazolone derivatives and the risk of agranulocytosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2021;35(3):498-508. (Confirms the significant risk of agranulocytosis associated with pyrazolone drugs).
  4. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference (Historical Editions). London, UK: Pharmaceutical Press. (Older editions may contain brief pharmacological descriptions and historical use information for Perisoxal, classifying it as a pyrazolone NSAID. Crucially, modern editions reflect its withdrawn/not marketed status globally).
  5. Index Nominum (International Drug Directory) (Historical Editions). Swiss Pharmaceutical Society. (Similar to Martindale, historical entries may exist but confirm its non-availability).
  6. PubChem Compound Database. Perisoxal (CID: 71697). National Center for Biotechnology Information. (Provides chemical structure and basic identifiers, confirming its classification as an organic compound/pyrazolone derivative). Accessed via:
  7. European Medicines Agency (EMA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Databases. Public assessment reports and drug approval databases. (Searches confirm no current marketing authorization for Perisoxal in the EU or US. The EMA’s strict stance on pyrazolone safety like dipyrone directly informs the status of Perisoxal).
  8. World Health Organization (WHO) Model Lists of Essential Medicines. (Perisoxal has never been listed, reflecting its lack of essential status and safety concerns compared to established analgesics/antipyretics).
  9. Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz / Rote Liste (Germany) (Historical Editions). (Historical compendia may have listed Perisoxal, but modern versions do not, indicating its discontinuation/withdrawal in those markets).
  10. Textbooks of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Historical Editions): e.g., Goodman & Gilman's, Katzung's. (May contain brief mentions in sections on older NSAIDs/pyrazolones, emphasizing their hematological risks and superseded status).

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