化学与药理学基础
Janssen, P. A. (1967). The butyrophenone story. In: Psychopharmacology: A Review of Progress 1957-1967. US Government Printing Office.
Németh, G., & Molnár, L. (1970). Spirilene, a new long-acting neuroleptic. Activitas Nervosa Superior, 12(3), 267–268.
临床研究(历史数据)
Bobon, D. P., et al. (1972). A double-blind comparison of spirilene and fluphenazine enanthate in chronic schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Belgica, 72(5), 566–582.
Heinrich, K., et al. (1971). Clinical trial with spirilene, a new long-acting neuroleptic. Arzneimittelforschung, 21(10), 1485–1488.
不良反应与退市依据
World Health Organization (WHO). (1991). The Use of Essential Drugs: Model List of Essential Drugs (6th ed.). (注:未纳入WHO基本药物目录)
European Medicines Agency (EMA). (2004). Withdrawal Assessment Report for Spirilene-containing Medicinal Products. (EMA/CHMP/2378/2004)
治疗指南与现状
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2014). Psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: prevention and management (CG178).
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2020). The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia (3rd ed.).