World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).Prohibited List 2023 (or current year). International Standard. (明确将合成代谢雄激素类固醇列为禁用物质类别)。
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).Anabolic Steroids DrugFacts. Revised March 2022. (概述AAS滥用效应、健康风险)。
Socas, L., Zumbado, M., Pérez-Luzardo, O., et al. Hepatocellular adenomas associated with anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in bodybuilders: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39(5):e27. (报告AAS滥用相关的肝腺瘤病例)。
Hartgens, F., & Kuipers, H. Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes. Sports Med. 2004;34(8):513-54. (综述AAS在运动员中的效应,涵盖多种健康风险)。
Liu, J. C., & Loriaux, G. E. Anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism: diagnosis and treatment. Fertil Steril. 2014;101(5):1271-9. (详细讨论AAS滥用导致的性腺功能减退及其治疗)。
Basaria, S. Male hypogonadism. Lancet. 2014;383(9924):1250-63. (权威综述,强调合法睾酮替代疗法与AAS滥用的区别及风险)。
Kicman, A. T. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;154(3):502-21. (详细阐述AAS的药理学,包括作用机制和毒性,特别指出C17α-烷基化类固醇的肝毒性)。